Bazar (Market) and its Economical, Political and Cultural Role in Balkh, Marv and Neishabour in the Two First A.H. Centuries

Market history as an economical and social phenomenon in Iran’s history goes back to the ancient period specifically Sasanids’ period. In Sasanids’ period, market was located in urban frame in Sharestan which was considered as an economical center of city. But after Islam arrival and reducation of economical importance of Sharestan and growth of cities, these found greater importance. Markets of cities like Balkh, Marv and Neishabur in Khorasan, which is the topic of this study, were located in the cities in Islamic period. The main question is "how was the economical role of mentioned markets?"The first hypothesis is criteria's like growth of city dwelling in Khorasan district, producing different products and surplus of district needs of that product and growth in commercial provided great elegance to economical role of markets. Current study as well as paying to affective factors on creation of these markets and defining their economical role in the two first A.H. centuries, discovers two main cultural and political points of those districts markets to complete the First, connection between mosques and schools with market and consequently dwelling of some of Ulamas in these market and the influence of some of thought courses in market, businessmen reflects cultural face of some of these markets. Second, punishment of some of the political activities in these markets emphasis on their political role. When businessmen in bazar were under financial injustice through governors, played more influential roles in political changes.Their role in killing of Ghotabe-ibn-Moslem and governing of the Abbasids is the sign of this concept.