The long-term effect of bilateral tubal ligation on ovary and uterus in rat (Histopathological study)

The aim of this study was to evaluate ovarian follicular numbers and uterus changes at 3، 6 and 9 months after bilateral tubal ligation (BTL) in rat. In this experimental study 60 female rats (Sprague-Dawley)، aged two months were divided into control and BTL groups (30 per group). Uterine tubes ligation was done bilaterally similar to pomeroy method. Each 3 months، 10 control and 10 BTL animals were selected randomly and then left ovary and uterus were sampled and fixed in formal saline solution. Paraffin sections (5-µ thickness) prepared and were stained by H and E and trichrom methods. Endometrial changes were studied qualitatively and the numbers of follicle types were counted. Data were analyzed by Mann-Withney U test with SPSS 13 software (p<0. 05). There were no significant differences in the number of follicle types and corpus luteum between control and BTL groups after 3، 6 and 9 months. Moderate to severe inflammatory cell infiltration were seen in the endometrium of BTL group. Endometrial cystic hyperplasia for the first time was detected in 20% of BTL group after 9 months. Tubal ligation cannot lead to changes in number of ovary follicles types and corpus luteum significantly but it can be induced endometrial inflammation and endometrial cystic hyperplasia at long time in rat.