EPIDEMIOLOGY OF VANCOMYCIN AND OXACILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS CLINICAL ISOLATES IN URMIA

Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing serious infections and treatment of such infections is very difficult. Vancomycin is the last line of treatment for resistant S. aureus. The aim of this study was investigation of epidemiology of vancomycin and oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates in Urmia During a descriptive study isolates from clinical specimens identified as S. aureus were collected. Susceptibility of isolates to vancomycin and oxacillin, were determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method, the sensitivity of isolates to other antibiotics was investigated by disk diffusion method. Most isolates of S. aureus obtained from inpatients (77 isolates), age group 20-29 years (24 isolates), the children (17 isolates) and urine sample (30 isolates). The highest rates of resistance were to penicillin and Co-amoxiclav respectively. The isolates showed most sensitivity to chloramphenicol, amikacin and Nitrofurantoin. 43% of isolates were resistant to oxacillin. Most of oxacillin-resistant isolates were obtained from inpatients. Three isolates from 100 were resistant to vancomycin. All the vancomycin resistant isolates were resistant to oxacillin too, also all the patients who vancomycin resistant isolates were obtained from inpatients. High prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was observed in clinical isolates, also resistant isolates to vancomycin were obtained, so more attention on monitoring of the incidence and prevalence of such infections should be done.