New Religious Movements in Hinduism: Brahmā Samāj & Ārya Samāj

India is reputed as one of the most religious countries and possesses a vast spectrum of different kinds of religiosity, all of them interconnected by clear and latent threads which have shaped the beliefs and customs of this land. It’s a fact that in India, social rites and folk customs are completely intermingled with religious beliefs as much as no one can distinguish between religion and custom in individual or social life. Therefore, religious tendencies determine most of the social transactions. However, since the 19th century, the culture and religions of India have encountered the values of the west, and rationality has been applied as the scale of all the rites and ceremonies. Thereupon, many evolutions happened and religious men were intended to find a new path for preserving this ancient heritage. In this article, two more significant religious movements are discussed: Ārya Samāj and Brahmā Samāj which have adhered to their religious originality and ancient sacred texts and have reinterpreted some orders and views reflected in sacred books, especially those more connected to social aspects. The present paper has attempted to review these two movements through content analysis and by using the historical and phenomenological method.