The experience of social stigma in AIDS patients: a phenomenological study

AIDS is one of the most challenging diseases in recent years that can influence quality of life and even survival rate of AIDS patients due to the wrong thoughts and social stigma that exists among society in relation to these patients. This study aimed to describe the social stigma experienced by AIDS patients. In this qualitative study, the phenomenological procedure was utilized. The population under study was 13 AIDS patients who were selected on a purpose-based sampling approach, and selection continued until saturation of the data occurred. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi procedure. The validity and reliability of study was based on its real value, practicality, continuity and reality. After analysis of interview transcripts, the most extracted sub-concepts were as follows: inappropriate labels, rejection, worthlessness and lack of support which all named under the main concept of stigma. This study showed that AIDS patients experience a wide range of problems after the other people find out about their disease and also due to the social stigma about them. In the process of caring of AIDS patients, it should be taken into consideration not only the physical needs, but also the spiritual-mental and social needs of these patients. Being familiar with the stigma experienced by AIDS patients helps the nursing team to present necessary cares and instructions, and promote the quality of life and survival rate of AIDS patients. Raising society’s awareness and changing of the attitudes regarding AIDS patient should be taken into account as essential and undeniable issues.