Study of Induced Variation by Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Sodium Azide on Tarrom Mahali Rice Cultivar

One of the most important role of mutation breeding is the creation of genetic variability in quantitative traits in various crop plants. The variability، thus created and enhanced for selection of new genotypes with desired characteristics. In present study role of two chemical mutagens، Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (140 Mili molar)، Sodium Azide (2 Mili molar) for creating variability in Tarrom Mahali cultivar have been investigated. The measured agronomic characters were: Plant height، tiller number، panicle length، number of filled seeds per panicle، length and width of seed (Milimeter) and 100-grain weight (gr). Results indicated that plant height، number of filled seed per panicle and tiller number showed the best response to these mutagens because plant height decreased in all mutagen treatments compared with control and number of filled seeds was increased in the most lines in two mutagens in compared with control. Maximum heritability and genetic advances were belonged to treatment EMS in most traits، therefore it is indicated that the effects of this mutagen is higher than that of Sodium Azide mutagen. Maximum variability advances were belonged to both mutagen treatments in number of tiller and filled seeds that effects of EMS was higher than AZ.