Quarterly Journal of History Department Avoiding Conflict Management in Medina in Prophet Muhammad's Era (Emphasizing Prophet Muhammad's Techniques in avoiding conflicts)

Conflicts and differences are undeniable realities among people. Sometimes tensions raised from these differences can lead to harmful consequences, and will lead society to crisis, if we do not manage them properly. Nowadays management science scholars acknowledge the importance of this issue and they are dealing with the ways of managing the conflicts; while earlier Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) has indicated the techniques that can be applied to manage the conflicts. Prevention is part of this management. The main question of the present paper is: What is the position of prevention and techniques applied by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in order to prevent conflicts and tension in Medina. Early studies indicate that prevention is more important than dispute resolution in Sîrat Rasûl Allâh (biography of Prophet Muhammad). He prevented conflicts with vigilance, foresight, unity, law and etc. Describing and analyzing the events of Medina is the way to answer the question. The purpose of the present paper is highlighting and applying Prophet Muhammad´s method in current society. The findings of the paper are: Establishing required institutions of government, providing conflict control mechanisms in times of tension, responsibility, placidity, tolerance and etc.