Effect of propagation systems, cutting position and IBA concentrations on rooting of malling merton (106, 111) cuttings

Using apple clonal rootstocks is necessary for improving crop efficiency in apple orchards. After grafting of apple cultivars on malling rootstocks، the extra parts of the rootstock was used as stem cuttings. Apical، middle and basal parts of these shoots were used as cuttings. Two propagation conditions، greenhouse and nursery and three concentrations of Indole-3- Butyric acid (IBA) on rooting، callus production، root number and root length of two apple rootstocks (MM106، MM111). Some cuttings were placed upside down. The results showed that there were significant differences among the different treatments of cultural system، cutting position، type of rootstock and IBA concentration. The percentage of rooting in nursery propagation system with inverted cuttings (28. 77%) have significant difference with greenhouse system (22. 19%) and MM106 with 38. 82% rooting had a significant difference to MM111 with 12. 4% rooting. The highest rooting percentage (38. 82%) was obtained at 2500 mg/l of IBA.