Hormonal adaptations to endurance training versus resistance training in postmenopause obese women: a randomized clinical trial

Leptin and adiponectin، as tissue-derived adipocytokines، play a substantial role in the pathogenesis and complications of obesity. This study examined the effects of resistance and endurance training on serum levels leptin and adiponectin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in sedentary postmenopausal obese women. This study was a randomized clinical trial applied semi experimental design. Participants included 24 sedentary menopausal obese (BMI≥30. 53 Kg/m2) women (mean age 52. 25±3 years old) randomly assigned to endurance and resistance training and control groups، studied before and after 10 weeks of resistance (40-60% of one-repetition maximum) and swimming endurance training (40-60% of maximal heart rate)، 3 days a week. Leptin and adiponectin levels، HOMA-IR and anthropometric measurements were assessed before and after training. Statistical analysis was done by paired ANOVA and Pearson correlation and P value <0. 05 was considered as significant. Endurance training resulted in significant decreases in leptin levels (P=0. 012، 10. 44%)، HOMA-IR (P=0. 002، 25. 44%) and the entire anthropometric indices meliorism; and a significant increases in adiponectin levels (P=0. 015، 45. 61%). However، none of blood factors and anthropometric indices changed in resistance training group (P>0. 05). According to Pearson correlation changes in adiponectin levels had significant correlations with changes in waist hip ratio (P=0. 023) and waist circumference (P=0. 026) in endurance training group and there were also a significant correlation between changes in HOMA-IR value and adiponectin levels (P=0. 004) following resistance training. Endurance training versus resistance training modulates leptin and adiponectin concentrations and metabolic profile in sedentary postmenopausal obese women.