Evaluation of allelic variation and assessment of quality of seed storage proteins in durum wheats

The existence of genetic variation of genotypes is very interesting in reducing genetic vulnerability and lead to stable control of production. Proline and glutamine-rich wheat seed endosperm proteins are collectively referred to as prolamins. HMW-GS are major determinants of gluten elasticity. The inheritance of glutenin subunits follows Mendelian genetics with multiple alleles in each locus. Identification of the banding patterns of glutenin subunits could be used as an estimate for screening high quality wheat germplasm. In this study 116 genotypes of Triticum turgidum originating from different geographical areas of Iran and six countries, Portuguese, Italy, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Iraq and Afghanistan, were evaluated for variation in high molecular weight glutenin subunit. Glutenin extracted from seeds using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and scoring bands were determined. 16 allele combinations were identified. In pure lines of durum wheat, the Null allele was observed more frequently than the 1 and * alleles. In% 21/6% of genotypes 1allele and 12.5%, 2* allele was observed. The locus GluB1, 7 type alleles was detected. The locus GluB1 20 allele had the highest frequency and was observed in 42 genotype. 20 genotypes were having 17+18 allele. The 7+8, 6+8 and 7 alleles were observed in 21, 12 and 7 genotypes respectively. Each of the 22 and 7+9 alleles also was observed in one genotype. In the one line of native country of Portugal, observed unique allele at the GluB1 locus, which conventional scoring models did not match. The tested genotypes were classified in nine groups according to the linkage distance analysis. The genetic variability in Glu-A1and Glu- B1 locus Were respectively, 0.42 and 0.81. HMW glutenin Glu-1 quality scores are in the range between 2 and 6.