Comparison of Social Adjustment in Normal and Blind Children in Primary School in Mashhad

Socialization is a process of mutual communication between the individual and society. For this reason it is regarded as a complex flow that has various dimensions. Acquiring social skills, communicating with other people and social adjustments are in these dimensions. The family, school and media have a significant role and responsibility in learning compatibility with the environment. This study aimed to compare the social adjustment of viewing and blind children in elementary schools in Mashhad. This is a descriptive, analytical study in which 270 blind and viewing students of primary schools in Mashhad participated in the academic years 2012-13. The blind students were chosen by census and viewing students through a stratified random sampling from normal schools. For data collection, a standard questionnaire that was social adjustment questionnaire was used. It was made in 1974 in America by Lambert, Wind Miller, Cole & Figueroa, which was translated in 1992 by Dr. Shahny Yeylagh, to be used for children of 7 to 13 years. It was conducted on 1500 boy and girl students of the first to fifth grade in elementary schools of Ahvaz. This test consists of 11 subscales, 38 sub-categories and 260 items. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics such as t-test was used. (P <0.05). The mean scores of social adjustment of students showed no statistically significant difference between the viewing and the blind (p=0.8). Also the mean of social adjustment in blind girls and boys was not statistically significant (p=0.1), but the incompatibility was found in more boys than the girls. Regarding the results, social incompatibility was higher in the blind girl students than the viewing girl students. Also this incompatibility was higher in the boys than the girls thereby requiring scientific and coherent planning for them.