The Role of Hanbalis in Social Challenges of Baghdad in the Fourth and the Fifth Centuries

Hanbalis or the followers of the religious laws within the Sunni Islam presented by Ahmad ibn Hanbal, were living in Baghdad in the three early centuries of Islam. They reached their maximum power through the fourth and fifth the centuries with obvious and stealthy support of Abbasid caliphs, which was employed to make disagreements between Shiites, Christians, Jews and Shafi’is. However no research has studies the social challenges caused by Hanbalis in Baghdad through the fourth and fifth centuries. Therefore, the question is: What were the influences of Hanbali followers in making social disorders in Baghdad through the fourth and fifth centuries? The intellectual and doctorial attitudes of Hanbalis along with the supports of government led to the social abnormalities and insecurities. Analyzing the functions of Hanbalis in Baghdad, through the fourth and fifth centuries will demonstrate the condition of Shia Muslims in a course of history in the heart of the Abbasid Caliphate. Historical analysis method is the proper method to find the answer, examine the hypothesis and reach the goal of the present paper. Reliance on their intrinsic abilities, Shia Muslims were able to stand against the numerous historical pressures exposed on them, which is the secret of the social permanence of Shia.