Evaluation of the Frequency of Food and Aeroallergens in Patients with Eczema and Urticaria in Province of Bushehr: Based on Skin Prick Test Reactivity

In recent years frequency of skin allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) and urticaria is reported to be high in the region. Identification of reactive allergens in different areas are very important in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The aim of this study was to determine frequency of common allergens in patients with skin allergies in province of Bushehr with regards to eczema and urticaria. In this cross-sectional study, 234 patients with urticarial and eczema were enrolled. The participants reacted to at least one allergen with SPT. Skin prick test with standard inhaled and food was performed on patients according to the herbal geography of the area. Among 837 patients referred to allergy clinic, 91 patients had eczema and 143 had urticaria. The frequency of both eczema and urticaria was significantly higher in females than in males. The most common food allergens in patients with eczema were almond (56.6%), walnut (47.7%) and soybean (46.1%). And in patients with urticaria were almond (58%), walnut (53.1%) and tomato (48.2%). Also, aeroallergens in the subjects were house dust mite (HDM) (63.7%), Russian thistle (57.7%) and Alternaria alternara (51.6%). Meanwhile, the common aeroallergens in the patients were HDM (66.4%), Russian thistle (52.4%) and date palm (51%). Our findings indicated that almond and walnut are important food allergens in participants with eczema and urticaria. Moreover, SPT reactivity was positive with aeroallergens such as HDM and weeds.