Necessity of Spatial Databases and GPS for Prevention, Preparedness and Crisis Management in Water and Wastewater Organizations (Case Study: Alborz Province)

The issue of water quantity and quality، by itself and without any untimely accident or natural disaster or a crisis، is considered as a major challenge. This crisis and its effects، particularly for our disaster-prone country will be very disastrous exchange and its risk management would be more critical. Today along the very sharp improvement in technologies such as GIS and other helpful related instruments like GPS، the necessity of establishing، developing and applying databases upon spatial information in order to get ready، prevent، and manage the conflicts and crisis in emergencies would be a very useful decision support system and with no doubt، tomorrow is too late. In order to fulfill the purposes of this strategy and policy، investment in this field and teaching experts، providing hardware and software and the most important factor via paving administrative culture and field and its path in order to help the entrance and applying of this useful technology would help us in crucial and emergency situations. These affaires especially for water and sewage organizations due to their heavy، risky and vital responsibilities to provide the people with healthy water and transport waste water are of high necessity. Providing these organizations that support the vital networks of life like water network، power، gas، communication and transportation system with these basis، in addition to fulfill their daily needs and administrative responsibilities can also reduce the risk of any crisis and disaster. The results can also be used as a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) and also can provide National Spatial Data Infrastructures (NSDI) with worthy data and information to help the sustainable development. In order to fulfill the purposes of this study، feasibility study and conceptual، logical and physical models of establishing water database was performed in water and wastewater organization of Alborz province and a network based and user friendly software designed according to the needs of different sections of organization and finally some GPSs were installed on some vehicles that with using the related database helps us in monitoring، controlling and optimum management of the emergency vehicles in crisis situations and in route finding، gathering data and optimum crisis management as well.