A review of the systemic fluoride in preventive dentistry

Fluoride is one of the most important materials in preventive dentistry. Although the prevalence of dental caries is inversely related to the concentration of fluoride in drinking water, there is a dose-dependent relationship between fluoride concentration in drinking water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis. Some studies have reported a possible association between fluoride and increased risk of bone fractures, decreased thyroid function, arthritis-like conditions, precocious puberty and osteosarcoma. The purpose of this review study was to evaluate the current status of systemic fluoride in dentistry by considering its advantages and potential side effects.Description: A search was run in PubMed, OVID Evidence-based Reviews, SCOPUS and Google Scholar from 1985 to May 2013 and available reference textbooks. Of all the papers, review articles and valid research papers on the systemic use of fluoride and its advantages and potential disadvantages were selected.

It appears although the benefits of fluoride in combating dental caries are evident, the potential side effects of incorrect use of fluoride, especially its systemic use, should be taken into account. Incorporation of fluoride into drinking water might lead to complications. With recent advances in new methods for controlling dental caries it is advisable to more carefully evaluate the systemic use of fluoride.