Theory and Techniques for Revitalization of Urban Park in Old Context of City with Emphasis on Conservation of Cultural and Historical Heritage (Case study: The First Tehran's public park)

Because of high urbanization rate and especially fast development of metro policy like Tehran, environmental pollution, like air, water, soil and visual pollutions have been increased. All of these factors have important effects on reducing of life quality and public urban spaces in these cities. In this research, the Park-e-Shahr as the first public park of the city of Tehran has been studied and the reasons were its environmental values, its functionality, culture and beauty. The principal of this research is to protect and reinforce the historical perspective of the park, qualitative elevation of the environment and the park's view with the minimum degree of damages to it and the protection of its historical values and also the fulfillment of the current emotional, mental, spiritual and the educational needs of the visitors and ultimately keeping the memory and the spirit of the place in designing the environment as such which remains in harmony with the location in the past and the present. Since this sphere is located in the old fiber of the city of Tehran (Sang-e-Laj district), the study has been done from a broader outlook. At the high level of the recognition of Tehran city and its location in the natural- historical situation, for the recognition of historical districts, at the intermediate scale of general recognition of Sang-e-Laj district in Tehran and historical identity since before, at the microscale of the recognition, all the current of the Park-e-Shahr in the current conditions have been analyzed. Analysis of natural and historical segments, analysis of the outlook and the view and analysis of behavioral patterns of visitors were done. Finally, the results showed that principles related to the techniques of revitalization and the preservation of the Park-e-Shahr. Utilization of questionnaires and SWOT method were done for the revitalization of Park-e Shahr.