Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Coastal Sediment of Bushehr

The coastal environment of Bushehr is supposed to be affected by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oil pollution. Despite carcinogenic characteristics of PAH compounds to living organisms and human beings, the available information concerning PAHs contamination in Bushehr is not sufficient. This study was carried out to investigate concentration and distribution of PAH compounds based on number of rings in their structure, in the coastal sediment of Bushehr. Samples were collected from five different stations along intertidal zone of the shoreline. The samples were digested; their PAHs contents were extracted and analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC). Results showed that the total PAHs (tPAHs) concentration in stations Rafael, Sheghab, Abshirinkon, Lian and Helyleh were 844.95, 3078.42, 4790.32, 2988.06 and 2430.62 ng g-1(dw) respectively. A significant difference was observed between tPAHs concentrations in different stations. The maximum tPAHs concentration was measured in station Rafael, while its minimum level was observed in Abshirinkon. Based on the number of the rings in the molecules, the PAHs composition in different stations varied significantly (P<0.05). Compared to previous studies from other locations of the world, PAHs contamination in the Bushehr coastal sediment was evaluated as moderate to severe. The major part of contamination was comprised by High molecular weight PAHs with 5 or 6 rings while 2, 3 and 4 rings compounds had less contribution. Since the adverse and carcinogenic effects of high molecular weight compounds are more severe in aquatic organisms and because its continuous anthropogenic discharges in Bushehr, regular monitoring of PAHs in the area is necessary.