Critical Review of Crossley's Social Movements Theory from Viewpoint of The Theory of Authenticity of Relation, Individual and Collectivity

Reviewing one of the latest theoretical understandings of social movements presented by Crossley, this article compares it with theory of Zahed insisting on essentiality of relations, agency and structure. Crossley synthesis Bourdieu’s action theory with revised value added theory of Smelser supported by resource mobilization and political proses theories. Zahed, too, synthesis three dimensions of social movements: actors at micro level, ideology as the relational factor and social context, using realist strategy and systemic logic. Results show that Crossley’s theory with its liberal base and reduction of its relational issue to economic factors is not able to explain and analyses nonwestern and local movements such as Iranian or other Moslem countries outbursts.