Nanoparticles in Vaccine Development

Vaccination has greatly improved human health. Despite of all improvements in this field, there is not an efficient vaccine for many diseases, and of the available ones, some could not produce a long-term immunity. Recently, there have been many researches on the applicability of nanostructures as an efficient system for vaccine delivery, and the initial results have been promising. Their potential adjuvanticity, capability of the stimulation of both humoral and cellular immunity responses, more stability in environmental conditions, possible targeted vaccine delivery, the need for low quantity of proteins (in the case of subunit vaccines), etc., are of the main reasons that this area has gained many interests. Here, we try to review the main nanostructures that could be act as a delivery vehicle in vaccine delivery.