Assessment of immunomodulator biomarkers (Tnf-α, Il-1β and Il-6) in liver of Capoeta umbla for biomonitoring of pollution in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli, Turkey)

This study was aimed to monitor water pullution of Uzuncayir Dam Lake using the changes of IL-6, IL1β and TNF-α levels in Capoeta umbla (Heckel, 1843) liver tissue at ten stations in March and September 2011. In this study C. umbla (Heckel, 1843) was used as the indicator organism. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interlekuin1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined in samples of the liver tissue by ELISA kit. The lowest mean IL-1β levels were found at station 6. The mean IL-1β was reached its maximum level at station 2. The difference between the mean levels of IL-6 was found to be significant (p<0.05) amoung stations. The IL-6 levels were significantly increased in September at stations 1, 2, 7 and 8 (p<0.01) compared to the values in March. The mean levels of TNF-α were found to be significant (p<0.05) amoung stations. The TNF-α levels significantly decreased in September at stations 1 and 9 (p<0.01). TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in C. umbla can be used as early diagnostic indicators against adverse environmental events and useful and reliable bioindicators in determining the pollution of the aquatic ecosystem.