A Brief Review on Biorefinery of Natural Polymers (Hemicelluloses and Lignin) in Pulp and Paper Industry

According to environmental issues and limited fossil resources، the use of renewable and biodegradable resources has been considered very important. Forest biomass is the most abundant source of renewable and carbon-rich organic matter on land that has a desirable potential as raw material for a wide variety of industrial and domestic products، including paper، lumber، chemicals and advanced materials such as fuel and biodegradable polymers. By-products obtained from bio-refinery lignocellulosic biomass include hemicelluloses derivatives (furfural، xylitol، biodegradable polymers and polymeric paper strength) and lignin derivatives (turpentine، tall oil and raw material for production of plastic & binder) are remarkable. These products can be manufactured with pulp and paper or dissolving pulp from lignocellulosic resources. So one of the important goals in biorefinery is to create value-added in black liquor from lignocellulosic materials cooking in pulp mills، which in addition، in production of pulp and paper there are also some byproducts as well. Finally، biorefinery has provided an economic opportunity to enhance the economic strength in this industry.