An investigation of genesis, classification and physico-chemical soil properties of cultivation pistachio Sirjan plain, Kerman province

Sirjan plain is one of main and potential areas of pistachio cultivation in Kerman province, Iran. A east to west transect perpendicular to Sirjan plain development was selected, and 15 profiles were described and sampled in the present physiographics under pistachio cultivation. Physical and chemical property of soil samples were determined and classified up to family level. The Ocric horizon was separated in surface layer and Salic, Gyosic and Cambic horizons was in lower layers. During transect, profiles from east to west classified of Entisols and Aridisols and at least development shown in East and greatest change was observed in center and west of transect. Physiography of the gravelly alluvial and colluvial fans (East and South- East) has been less affected by soil formation processes than in flood plains and low lands (West). The main parameters affecting pistachio production are soil texture and gravel in East of transect (profiles 1 to 4) and salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, gypsum, high groundwater levels and physical properties in the Center and West of transect (4 to 12). For efficient land use under cultivation exact study and monitoring information, correct salinity and alkalinity, management of gypsic soils and improvement of soil fertility and organic matter is recommended.