Effects of Integrated Usage of Bio and Chemical Phosphate Fertilizer on Growth, Yield, Yield Component and Essential oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.)

In order to study the impacts of usage of bio and chemical phosphate fertilizer on growth, yield, yield components and essential oil of Fennel, a field study conducted during spring planting season 2010 at station research farm of medicinal plants at Shahed university. Bio fertilizer treatment contains 3 levels of nitrogen fixer mycorhizae (no inoculation, inoculation with Pirimospora indica and inoculation with Sabacina vermifera) and phosphate solubilizing microorganism (Pseudomonas putida bacteria) in two levels (with and without inoculation with microorganism) and 3 levels of chemical phosphate fertilizers (consisted of 0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1 of P2O5). The impacts was evaluated in split plot based on randomized block design with three replications. At each replications a chemical fertilizer (NPK) control plots were considered as a comparison to bio fertilizer application. Results showed that all measured traits in compounds phosphate solubilizing microorganism and nitrogen fixer mycorrhizae were higher than other treatments. So, applied treatments have a significant influence on grain yield with the rate of 516 kg ha-1, biological yield with rate of 4.125 kg ha-1, compound of umbels per a plant with number of 512.9, harvest index with rate of 12.5% and essential oil yield with rate of 126.63 lit ha-1.