The Comparison of Solubility and Release of Fluoride from Easthetic Restorative Materials in Water and Acid: An In Vitro Study

Secondary caries is one of the most common problems in restorative dentistry. The release of flouride ions could substantially benefit the tooth enamel and neigboring dentin because flourid can combat caries. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the solubility rate and release of fluoride from tooth-colored restorative materials (Iono CID, Fuji II LC, FugiIX, FugiII Glass iomomers and Pekalite, Z100, and Maxxion composits) in acid and deionized water environment. In the present study, 6 fluoride-containing and 1 non-fluoride-containing restorative material were used. From each material, 10 specimens were prepared. The amount of fluoride released was measured for 10 weeks using a special electrode and TISAB III buffer. Water absorption and solubility in water were calculated as a percentage of primary dry weight. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and ANOVA. All materials showed the highest fluoride release rate in the first week; this rate decreased gradually. The highest fluoride release rate was observed in Fuji II LC and the highest solubility and water sorption rate in Iono CID. A significant statistical difference was observed between Pekalite composite and the other materials in terms of fluoride release in water and acid environment (P < 0.001). A significant statistical difference was observed between water absorption rate of Z100 composite and other materials in this study (P < 0.001). A significant statistical difference was observed between solubility rate of Z100 composite and Iono CID (P = 0.050). The results from this study showed that fluoride release, solubility, and water absorption rate depend on material type. Since, there was a significant statistical difference between light-cured glass ionomers and self-cured glass ionomers, using this material in similar conditions is recommended.