Investigating the effects of cover crops and split application of nitrogen fertilizer on weed density and biomass and forage corn yield
Message:
Abstract:
In order to evaluate the use of cover crops to control weeds in forage corn، an experiment with a factorial arrangement based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2012at the Agricultural Research Station (Samian) in Ardabil. The first factor included different cover crops comprising rye، hairy vetch، clover and no cover crop، plus a plot without weed control. The second factor consisted of nitrogen splits of 225 kg urea per hectare with two levels، the first level (1/2 at sowing + 1/2 in the 8 to 10 leaf stage of corn)، the second level (1/3 at planting + 1/3 in the 8 to 10 leaf +1/3 a week before tasseling of corn) to the desired split in two، and three corn growth stages were used. The third factor consisted of two levels of weed sampling frequency at 60 days and 90 days after planting corn. Combined analysis of variance showed that the rye cover crop، hairy vetch and clover reduced the biomass of annual weeds of Chenopodium album L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. at about 95، 88 and 70 percent and 81، 77 and 60 percent compared to the control، respectively. Also decreased weed densities of about 67، 52 and 32 and 68، 55 and 26 percent، respectively، were identified. In addition، these cover crops reduced biomass of perennial weeds of Convolvulus arvensis and Cynodon dactylon compared to control، at about 82، 79 and 62 and 77، 73 and 57 percent، and density of about 57، 53 and 32، and 65، 55 and 31 percent، respectively. Cover plants and split nitrogen interactions have significant effects on fresh corn forage. The highest fresh yield of forage corn (51307 kgr per hectare) was obtained from full weeding. After weeding treatments، forage yield in hairy vetch treatment significantly was more competent than the other cover crops. In general، taking into account the interests of more effective control of weeds and forage production، treatment of hairy vetch cover crop and the second split of nitrogen fertilizer level was found to be appropriate.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Agroecology, Volume:3 Issue: 2, 2014
Pages:
91 to 102
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