Polymorphism of High Molecular Glutenin Subunits and Seed Micronutrients in Bread Wheat Cultivars

In this research to investigate the variation of iron، zinc، calcium، magnesium، ammonium and chloride micronutrient and glutenin subunits allele variation، 33 wheat cultivars and lines were studied in lattice design with two replications during 2011 cropping season. The results of ANOVA showed significance differences among genotypes for all traits with except for seed magnesium and ammonium content. Simple correlation coefficients between seed zinc content with seed iron، ammonium and magnesium content and also correlations between seed iron content with the amount of seed calcium، magnesium and chloride were positive and significant. Cluster analysis based on seed micronutrients grouped the genotypes into three clusters with the highest genetic distance between Sepahan and Line A and the lowest genetic distance between Roshan and Bezostaya. In total، 14 allele combinations and 13 alleles were detected in bread wheat. The Glu-1 loci scores ranged from 5-10، with an average of 6. Fifteen percent of the genotypes had high scores from 8 to 10. The highest frequency at locus Glu-A1 was for subunit Null (81. 81%)، in Glu-B1 for subunit 7 +8 (48. 4%) and in Glu-D1 for subunit 2+12 (66. 6 %) respectively. In Sorkhtokhm variety the allelic composition at Glu-D1 locus was similar to 2+10 and was named 2/1+10*. Among the cultivars، Saysvn had the highest score (10) for glutenin quality and followed by Pishgam (score 9)، Bahar and LineA (score 8). Also line A had the highest amount of iron، calcium and magnesium as well as favorite glutenin quality with scores 8. Consequently، these cultivars could be selected as the parent in crosses depending on breeding goals.