Molecular Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Isolated Bacteria from Blood Cultures

ESBLs are a B -lactamases which had ability to hydrolyse third-generationcephalosporins and aztreonam. ESBLs producer bacteria are resistant to a wide variety of antimicrobials and they made a serious global health concern for treatment strategies. So, aim of this study as to molecular detection of ESBLs in bacteria isolated from blood cultures in Hospitals from Kurdistan Province, Iran. Biochemical test, antimicrobial susceptibility test by disc method, ESBL detection by NCCLs Phenotypic and PCR method for ESBL detection were applied. Results were analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 (p < 0.05). 96 gram negative bacilli isolated from blood cultures, E. coli, Enterobacter spp.,Klebsiella spp., P. aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., C. freundii, S. maltophilia, also S. aureus, and S.epidermis. Maximum resistance was 75% for CP and minimum resistance was 25% for GM. Of the 96 isolates, 20 (20.83%) produced ESBLs. Also 11.46%, 20.83%, 12.5%, 9.38% and 2.08% were positive for TEM, CTX-M, SHV, OXA-1 and OXA-2 ensymes, respectively. Inappropriate therapy for infections with ESBL producers is cause of prolongs hospital stay and mortality. So, more research on drug resistance with ESBL is necessary.