Laboratory characteristics of a prospective of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: new biomarkers for diagnosis

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA); an inflammatory disease is the health problem in all human societies around the world. Despite all efforts to etiological diagnosis, there is no punctual laboratory method. Currently the causative inflammatory diseases are rolled by microbial antigens and superantigens are undeniable. Our hypothesis is that the Staphylococcal superantigens may be responsible for the seronegative RA disease. Thus, a diagnostic method for RA patients is essential. The aim of this study was to introduce a laboratory method for the detection of Staphylococcal superantigens in RA patient’s synovial fluid. In this study, sixty synovial fluid samples from patients with RA were studied. SDS- PAGE analysis was performed continue to purifying stage. Using specific antibodies to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A and B ELISA plates were designed separately and the all samples were assayed. Then, the results were confirmed by western blotting. The results were subject to ANOVA and Chi-Square analysis by SPSS ver. 16. The results indicated that, the synovial fluids electrophoresis of product centrifugal tubes Amicon- Ultracel - 10KDa; 30KDa and 50KDa showed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin proteins in the molecular weight range indicated. Immunoblotting also confirmed their existence. The ELISA results showed that in 48% of samples were found in synovial fluid of patients with Staphylococcus aureus superantigens. The significant level of results was P ≤ 0.05. The survey results indicated that almost half of the synovial fluid samples have Staphylococcal enterotoxins A or B accommodation. The main hypothesis of this study was confirmed. This means that, the results of this study indicates that adding to the existing method for superantigens identifying in seronegative RA patients may provide a new diagnostic tool. However, the probability relationship between disease and these superantiges needs further studies. This finding can alter diagnosis and treatment methods of the RA disease. As a new health policy technique in order to diagnose the disease of patients.