The historical review of social - political situation of Muslims in Central Asia (In the twelfth century to the twentieth)

By the victory of Arab Muslims in the Nahavand war- to their words the great victory-, the way of conquest of Central Asia (Transoxiana) were opened to Muslims, In fact, with the arrival of Arabs in Iran and various Arab tribes living in this land they were familiar with the lands beyond the Oxus, And gradually were captured by the Arab Muslim commanders But soon with the victory of the forces of Ivan the Terrible, Muslims were forced to live more than three centuries in the state with brutal policy toward Islam and Muslims So that people, especially Clergymen deprived of their rights, endowments abolished, mosques and Islamic schools were destroyed or closed. With the overthrow of the tsarist and revolution of October 1917 and Soviet rule not only social -political situation of Muslim was not better but also with their domination over society, the situation became worse and was opposed hardly to Sharia law, So that the mosques were destructed, Islamic schools were closed and passed laws against Islam and Islam was suppressed and it's foundation was almost destroyed; And finally the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of communist modernization program provides conditions for the activities of Islamists and Islam was renewed again in this area, But soon remained disbelief and heresy confiscated the government again and passed laws against Islam Finally, the situation of Muslims did not improve; In this regard present article is trying to answer this issue that How was the socio-religious -political situation of Muslim in the area during the rule of Tsarist Russia and the Soviet? And after independence of the Muslim countries of Central Asia did the situation of Muslims improve or not? In response to this question can be said: Although with independence of these countries, people with a passion established religious schools and institutions and constructed mosques And enthusiastically participate in the feasts and religious ceremonies and tends to Islam is growing, But the fact of the matter is that with the secular rulers and the rule of thinking of Islam phobia and passing anti-Muslim laws Not only there was no development on the freedom of expression and opinion for the noble clergy and intellectuals, But also like a state of disbelief and atheism have been established legal constraints And have been limited Muslims in religious duties.