A Framework for the Formulation of Disaster Management Strategic Plans at National and Regional Levels

The human adverse consequences and economic heavy losses caused by natural and man-made disasters and the need to allocate large amounts of country resources and activities in the times of disasters, have led the focus of planning from the response phase to earlier phases such as preparation and prevention. This factor, in recent years, has caused to be paid special attention to disaster management, strategic plans at different levels of national, regional and local. Being new to this subject, along with extensive dimensions of disaster management, led to provide a methodological comprehensive model for developing a disaster management strategic plan at national and regional levels. In this review study, with studying the methods of developing strategic documents in three countries (USA, Japan and Turkey), the model of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) was selected as the basis and by combining of existing documents the final framework was presented and then as a case study the coverage level of provided framework has been investigated with headings of research services of the disaster management program of the worn texture of Tehran. The presented framework is provided in four steps such as pre programing step, recognition step that includes positioning, risk assessment and SWOT analysis; the strategy development step that includes setting goals, actions, strategies and documentation; and program implementation as the final step. In all the above mentioned steps, any necessary actions have been described. Reviewing strategic documents of three studied countries showed that the FEMA pattern in addition to comprehensiveness is superior in defining methods and tools to Japan and Turkey. However, a more complete model could be provided by adding the technical parts and providing special worksheets of each step based on the specific circumstances of the country. Checking the form of providing a compliance framework with RFP of developing programs of disaster management of Tehran worn textures show that the proposed model addition to covering requested services, involves the broader range.