Effect of Nicosulfuron soil Residual on the Growth, Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

In order to study the effect of soil residues of Nicosulfuron herbicide on growth, nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), two greenhouse experiment was conducted. Experimental design was completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement with three replications. The experiment was conducted in two stages. In the first experiment, treatments were, residues of Nicosulfuron in soil (Zero, 0. 307, 0.769, 1.53, 3.07, 4.6, 6.14 and 9.21 μg kg-1 soil) and chickpea genotypes (Hashem, ILC482, Kaka, Kermanshahi). In the first experiment, chickpea genotypes did not germinate, therefore levels of residues of herbicide modified, and the effect of five levels (0, 0.0153, 0.0307,0.076 and 0. μg kg-1 soil) of residual of Nicosulfuron herbicide were studied in other experiment on four mentioned genotypes of chickpea. Shoot biomass, root biomass, nodule biomass, number of nodules and total nitrogen of plant were measured, at the beginning of the reproductive stage of plants. The results showed that Nicosulfuron residues reduced all traits of chickpea genotypes, significantly. Based on ED50, among chickpea genotypes, Hashem was the most tolerant genotypes in terms of shoot and roots biomass production to Nicosulfuron residue and ILC482 and Kermanshahi genotypes showed the most sensitivity to residues of Nicosulfuron in terms of shoot and root biomass, respectively.