Optimization of Electrochemical Lead-Acid Battery Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

In this paper, one-dimensional numerical optimization of lead-acid battery with finite-volume method is performed using the governing equations of battery dynamics. For validation, the present results are compared with previous studies which show good agreement. The demand for batteries with high energy and power has increased due to their use in hybrid vehicles.The major shortcoming of lead-acid batteries in industry is low energy and high weight; therefore, a cell with higher energy and lower thickness is designed by using particle swarm optimization based on developed simulation code which is less time consuming and much faster than experimental method. The results of optimization show that an optimal battery that has 85 percent higher energy can be made with the same cell length. The results also show that an optimum cell battery can be obtained with a decrease of 25 percent in weight and 23 percent in dimensions while keeping the energy content constant.