Association between Periodontal Bone Loss and Mucosal Thickening of the Maxillary Sinus Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Odontogenic infections are one of the common cause of maxillary sinusitis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the teeth with periapical lesions or periodontal disease and sinus mucosal thickening using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This was a retrospective and cross-sectional study. CBCT scans of 97 patients (188 sinuses) were evaluated retrospectively for the presence of periapical lesions and/or periodontal disease in posterior maxillary teeth and associated sinus mucosal thickening. Thickening >2 mm was considered pathological and was categorized by degree (normal، 0-2mm، 2–4 mm، 4–10 mm، and >10 mm). Periodontal bone loss was categorized in 25%، 25-50%، >50%. And for data analysis، Chi squre and Spearman correlation were performed. Mucosal thickening>2 mm was observed in 109 sinuses (58%). Data analysis revealed significant associations between the mucosal thickening>2 mm and sex (males، p=0. 001)، and age (p<0. 001). There was a close relationship between mucosal thickening and periodontal bone loss (p=0. 057)، also there was a significant association between mucosal thickening and periapical lesions (p=0. 001). Sinus mucosal thickening was a common radiographic finding، which was more likely to be observed in males with older age and periapical lesions significantly increased the thickness of the maxillary sinus.