The Effects of Active and Passive Mental Imagery on Acquisition and Learning of Dart Throwing Skill
Message:
Abstract:
This study is to investigate the effects of mental imagery on acquisition and learning of dart throwing skill and comparison of novice male students. Therefore, among right-handed novice male students (20-24 yr.) from Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, 33 students were selected randomly based on Imagery Movement Ability (according to revised questionnaire of Martin & Hall,1997;Revised Movement Imagery Questionnaire) and allocated to 3 matched groups (males active imagery, imagery, males passive imagery, and males control) based on pretest average (10 dart throw). Participants of each imagery group were performed 6 sessions imagery (20 throws with imagery and 20 throws without imagery in each session). Active imagery groups were in sport shoes and clothes behind the throwing line and passive imagery groups were in sitting pose in a room imagined dart throwing skill. Control groups had 20 dart throws. Two days after last session, retention test was performed without imagery (10 dart throws) and transfer test was performed without imagery and increasing throwing distance (10 dart throws). Data of acquisition phase was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and data of retention and transfer tests were analyzed by two-way ANOVA in significance level p≤0.05. According to results, main effect of acquisition was significant, but effect of interaction between acquisition and imagery type was not significant. Also, in retention and transfer test, the main effect of imagery type was not significant. According to results, mental imagery without considering its type is recommended.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Strategic Studies On Youth and Sports, Volume:13 Issue: 24, 2014
Page:
43
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