Hypothermia and normothermia effects on mortality rate of cardiopulmonary bypass

Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with high risk of mortality and morbidity which should be investigated regarding the major risk factors related to this surgery. Temperature management can have a significant role on post operation cerebral and neurological complication; however the optimum temperature for cardiopulmonary surgery is not certainly detected. This systematic review investigated the difference between hypothermia and normothermia regarding postoperative mortality. PubMed was searched for the relevant articles. Only English language articles were included with no time limitation. Data regarding patients in-hospital death which were provided in each article mostly within 30 days after the surgery are extracted and compared based on specific effect size including: relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction, number needed to treat. Totally 28 articles are retrieved and extracted from PubMed as the most relevant articles. In 8/28 articles no mortality incidence was occurred in each group and the effects sizes could not be calculated. No significant difference was obtained between two studied groups. Similar patients death prevalence observed between hypothermia and normothermia might be due to the studies sample size, or the following cars performed the intensive care units which assist to reduce the postoperative mortality rate. According to the obtained results these to procedure might be as safe as each other regarding the patients mortality rate.