The Expansion of Russia's Presence in the East Caspian Sea and Challenge for England's Interests to the End of Nasser Aldan Shah's Period (1794_1895A.D)

The presence of Russia remarkably increased in Central Asia in the 19th Century. This presence not only led Iran to be exposed to invasion but also created the challenges for the relations between Russia and England. The available studies, related to the relations between Russia and England, mainly discuss about the military events; however, the diplomacy of Russia is scarcely targeted. This study endeavors to present a new analysis of Russia's military and political policies in Central Asia with its effects. In fact, such study aims to determine precisely the foreign policy of Russia in Central Asia based on primary resources, treaties and historical correspondences with descriptive – analytical approach. Therefore, the main questions of such study are: How could Russia impose its sovereignty on the districts of East Caspian Sea? What were the reactions of Iran and England against Russia's policies? It is assumed that the military actions of Russia had not been the sole concern of Russia and the authorities of Russia had a considerable role in Russia's progress. The outcome of this research demonstrates that not only the colonial rivalries between Russia and England had effected on political geography of Caspian Sea's coasts but also Russia employed effective means such as economical relations, political methods, field studies, informational influence and military actions to maintain its sovereignty on Central Asia totally.