The relationship between obesity and dietary patterns: review on evidence

Because of the spread the obesity around the world epidemically, it is important to investigate the causes of obesity. One of the main causes of obesity is unhealthy and unbalanced diet. Since the study about dietary pattern, can better assess all aspects of a person's diet. The Present study aimed to review the evidences in the relationship between obesity and dietary patterns. This review study was done by searching on PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct by entering “Obesity”, “Dietary patterns”, “Anthropometric indicators, “Body Mass Index” and “Fat mass” as keywords. In this study, clinical trial, cross-sectional, retrospective and prospective studies which were published during 2004 to 2015 were reviewed. We included studies that were diagnosed obesity based on body mass index and body fat mass criteria and investigated its relation with dietary pattern and also were done on human, and excluded non-English language articles. In most evaluated studies, there was a negative and significant association between dietary pattern with high variety, high intake of fiber, low fat dairy, whole grain, unsaturated fatty acids, and dietary pattern with high density foods and obesity. Finding dietary patterns associated with obesity can be employed in targeted prevention and providing a healthy diet for the control of the epidemic of obesity in the community.