Evaluation of Morphological, physiological traits and essential oil yield in some Chamomile populations of Anthemis haussknechtii species
Abstract:
The Chamomile of Anthemis haussknechtii species is one of the medicinal plants which is related to the compositae family which grows as wild type in some parts of the country. Essential oils of chamomile flowers used extensively in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics and health. Ecological conditions have a major role in the growth, yield and quality of medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was evaluation of morphological and phonological, and qualitative traits such as: length and width of vegetative crown, plant height, flower number per plant, fresh and dry weight, time of flowering, time of harvest, essential oil percentage, essential oil yield, growth degree days during flowering and harvesting in ecological condition of Karaj twon. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Completely Blocks Design (RCBD) with three replicates in Alborz research station. Analysis variance showed that there was significant difference between population for all traits for Anthemis haussknechtii species (p ≤0.01) except for essential oil yield which was significance at p ≤0.05. This study showed that Kohdasht and Kermanshah populations of Anthemis haussknechtii species, considered as superior population and also they flowered sooner than other populations. Result of simple correlation analysis showed that that there was significant positive correlation between essential oil yield with fresh and dry weight of foliage biomass, flower number per bush and length and width of vegetative crown and this result indicated that amount of top heading branch yield would be increased by increasing of above mentioned traits. Result of Stepwise Regression Analysis for essential oil yield as variable trait showed that yield of foliage biomass and percent of essential oil have more effective on essential oil yield.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Applied Crop Research, Volume:28 Issue: 106, 2015
Pages:
185 to 192
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