Analysis of seismic vulnerability factors in urban old- texture with approach of crisis management of earthquake
Abstract:
Introduction
During the twentieth century, more than 1100 devastating earthquakes occurred in different parts of the world that in effect those, more than 1.5 million people have lost their lives that 90% mainly caused by the collapse of the building that is not secure (Lantada, 2008: 2) . An obvious example of this areas is Japan that annually several of the more than seven on the Richter scale earthquake occurs in various parts of that effects of earthquakes on structures and those who have become vulnerable, was very partial and limited and according to the urban infrastructure Are not cause the crisis and disruption in urban systems5 (Yamazaki 2005). This study intends to identify and develop relationships with urban planning and disaster management of earthquake in order to reduce seismic vulnerability of old texture Sirus neighborhood of Tehran Municipality, District 12, to take a step and trying with Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of urban old- texture emphasize on the role of urban planning indicators of the structural parameters of the programs to deal with the of earthquake.
Methodology
This research can be seen in form of the analysis - heuristic research in the nature of research methodology, and according to nature and inability to control behavior of the variables effective in the problem, study has been Non-experimental and data collection method has been documental and literature review in the first case and Review of literature on the subject of earthquake damage in urban areas, especially the old- textures.
Results And Discussion
Considering to the importance of assessing the seismic vulnerability of cities in geography and urban planning issues, In this study, was tried to using AHP method, provided appropriate predictions of the seismic vulnerability of cities using spatial data and a description of behavioral and structural components each of the criteria used to determine the effect of the vulnerability. Also by using analytical capabilities of GIS representation And earthquake scenarios presenting in different intensities, pay to the microzonation damage of buildings and human casualties in the neighborhood of cirrus. In this paper, a hierarchical model is used to evaluate the relative importance of the evaluation factors determining vulnerability. Then from relationships and various models of vulnerability and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is used to assess the seismic vulnerability of action to be taken Cirrus neighborhood.
To evaluate the vulnerability total for this study, after the weights of criteria using AHP were calculated for each of the weights using GIS layers of the application and has been prepared map the vulnerability of the overall neighborhood Cyrus.(map 10). This study intends to identify and develop relationships with urban planning and disaster management of earthquake in order to reduce seismic vulnerability of old texture Sirus neighborhood of Tehran Municipality, District 12, to take a step and trying with Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of urban old- texture emphasize on the role of urban planning indicators of the structural parameters of the programs to deal with the of earthquake.
Since the evaluation criteria measured with different scales are presented, which they can be converted to a common scale, the need to standardization. In addition, several methods such as fuzzy theory "scale linear transfer function", "function (value)" and "self-insuring possibilities", can be used to standardize the results of AHP modeling. According to the wide range of fuzzy logic membership functions are presented in comparison with other standard methods, this model can be a very strong argument for using a method similar human descriptions and tentative decisions on the use of data to provide approximate. (Rashed, 2003: 7; quoted Ahdnzhad, 1388: 76). Fuzzy sets, Regarding the nature of fuzzy sets and applied to a variety of functions such as linear threshold function, J-shaped and S-shaped. In this study according to the nature and criteria is used layers of linear threshold function.
Conclusion
This study intends to identify and develop relationships with urban planning and disaster management of earthquake in order to reduce seismic vulnerability of old texture Sirus neighborhood of Tehran Municipality, District 12, to take a step and trying with Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of urban old- texture emphasize on the role of urban planning indicators of the structural parameters of the programs to deal with the of earthquake.
In this study, each of the criteria and sub criteria are examined separately and their individual relationship of the process was clearly explained. Increasing the value of the variables such as:, population density, age of building, number of floors. . ., Increase vulnerability and reduce the vulnerability is reduced. In contrast, increasing the amount of variables such as: distance of the fault surface components, based on the width of the access road, consistent user of the neighborhood, the quality of buildings, which reduces vulnerability and vice versa. each of The above mentioned variants have contributed to the vulnerability, but each has a level of importance compared to other factors that are individually significant , was calculated coefficients using the method of AHP and Expert Choice. Review and make decisions based on one factor and not always consistent and consideration of the importance of each of them is to make better decisions. So the analysis factors in the context of this matter, and this analysis an acceptable level shows vulnerability against earthquake hazards due to all the factors. Finally we can say that the scope and coverage of the population with high and very high vulnerability (in the central part and the core tissue), was severe, and indicating the high susceptibility of the total of all factors of earthquake.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Human Geography Research Quarterly, Volume:48 Issue: 95, 2016
Pages:
33 to 52
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