The Criteria of Goodness and Badness in God's Actions from Fakhr Razi's Point of View;Criticizing the Epistemological Distinction between Human and God's Ethics

Most of the viewpoints toward theology and ethics are based upon determining the criteria of the goodness and badness. Fakhr al-Din al- Razi’s viewpoint is that the criteria of the goodness or badness of human actions is reason and that of God’s actions is the Islamic Law (Sharia). His point of view is especial and unique. In this article, firstly the Razi’s proofs in distinguishing the status of reason in human and God’s ethics and the cause by which he turns to such viewpoint are explained. Razi’s proofs advocating the Islamic-law legitimacy of goodness and badness of God’s actions are divided into three categories: duty, creation and determinism dominated on the universe. In the next step, Razi’s proofs will be evaluated and criticized through analytic-critical approach. And finally by rejection of Razi’s theory we conclude that the criteria of epistemology in goodness and badness of God and human’s actions is equal.