Step by Step Treatment of Scorpion Sting in South West of Iran

Scorpion neurotoxins and cytotoxins are the main components causing toxic symptoms and complications in scorpion stung victims and identifying of the type of scorpion, allows one to be able to predict the type of toxicity. In comparison with other scorpion species, Gadeem (Hemiscorpius lepturus) venom produces the most cytotoxic effects and can cause skin necrosis, hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. But the venom in other scorpions mostly contain neurotoxins and depending on quantity and ingredients can cause severe pain, para-sympathetic and sympathetic system stimulation symptoms, pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Treatment with sufficient dose of intravenous scorpion anti-venom and adequate diuresis with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in Gadeem scorpion stung cases. In addition, appropriate treatment of neurological complications with prazosin can improve prognosis and decreased mortality.