Evaluation of Preventive Behaviors of Otitis media Infection Based on Health Belief Model (HBM) in Mothers with Children less Than two Years Old of Yazd City

Otitis media is one of the most common infections in children. The highest incidence is in children less than two years old. The complication of otitis media includes hearing problems, long-term and irreversible damage to the middle ear and the cochlea, reduction of IQ and speech problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic treatment of chronic otitis media, based on health belief model in mothers with children less than two years, in the city of Yazd.
This cross sectional study, which was conducted in 93-1392, was done on 132 mothers with children less than two years old and was randomly selected from 6 centers among 15 Centers And by selecting 22 mothers from each center. Data were randomly collected by questionnaire, and were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Independent sample T-test for checking significance of correlations between scores and demographic variables used to construct the correlation coefficient between scores of the structures were determined by the Spearman test.
The results showed that only 4.5% of the knowledge and only 9.1% practice tips were desired. Perceived severity, perceived barriers and perceived benefits were reported to be desired in 92.4%, 81.1% and 94.7% of cases, respectively. There was direct correlation between interests with self-efficacy and perceived susceptibility, severity, knowledge and behavior. Also, there was direct correlation between the severity of barriers with and between self-efficacy and barriers to behavior and sensitivity. Between maternal age and the severity of interests and between the number of children significant relationship was observed. And the child's history of ear infection was a significant inverse correlation with practice tips.
Appears due to the amount obtained from structures and low scores maternal knowledge and considering the high incidence of ear infections in children under 2 years of educational programs to raise awareness of maternal and improve preventive behaviors of middle ear infections be useful.