Examination of Security-Security Functions of Errant in Islamic Era: from beginning to the fall of Baghdad

In historical-social stratification, the errant were a group of people who had chosen particular ethical principles and combat foundations in order to help the poor. In many sources, their security and defense role in combating against the oppressor rulers has been highlighted, and some other sources have called these errant as the origin of disorder and unrest. So it is necessary to do a systematic research on the subject. Hence, done by a descriptive-analytical method, this research tries to answer this question: What role have the errant played in the Islamic Era? The findings indicate that the errant have had two positive and negative functions: 1. security-defense function in helping the poor and the oppressed: they had introduced themselves as the defenders of people rights against the oppression of Caliphs, rulers and emirs; 2. The findings also shows that the errant have adopted robbery and theft at the time of death or deposing of Caliphs or rulers under the cover of errantry in the fifth century, and by murdering and robbing the properties of the rich have created disorder in society.