Evaluation of Conventional sewers as wastewater pre-treatment facilities

The composition of wastwwater in sewer lines are changing due to their nature. Wastewater contains large amount of organic materials, therfore it is suseptible to biological disintegritaion. Normally the conditions of sewers dicctate and promote the type of growth of bacteria being either aerobic or anaerobic. Previous studies have shown that large number of concrete sewer lines were found to beeffected by anaerobic bacteria activites. In this experimental investigation the aerobic biological transformation of organic matter in small diameter gravity slope wastewater collection system is evaluated. In this study a sewer network reactor at pilot scale was designed and built. The reactor consists of 15 meters length of PVC with 0.1 m diameter, two storage tanks and re circulating pump. The whole system was set up on a platform with adjustable slope. To ease the Formation of attached growth of micro organism a plastic net was attached on the inner surface of PVC pipe, thus a rough surface for attachment of microorganisms was formed. Due to the variation of hydraulic mean diameter, contact area with flowing wastewater was ranged from 1.88 to 3.77 m2 (half or full). Synthetic wastewater with characteristic municipal wastewater was used. A settled activated sludge fromYasreb wastewater treatment plant in Qaemshahr city was used to start and accelerate the biofilm growth in the reactor. In order to study bio-film attachment rate two P.V.C square plates in dimensions of 10*10 cm were placed perpendicular on the direction flow of wastewater. The reactor was conducted under aerobic conditions in a hydraulic retention time of 7 hours under constant temperature changed about 20 ±3 C. In this study parameter such as BOD, COD, TN and NH3-N and NO3-N were measured on daily basis. The thickness of biofilm increased and formed as irregular with thickness of 3-4.7 mm. Biofilm characteristics analysis showed that density and surface density were respectively 55 mg Ts/cm-3 and between 22.3 and 33.1 m-2. The concentration of suspended biomass was varied from10-15 mgl-1 at optimum COD removal. Oxygen consumption rate was estimated from decreasing rate of soluble oxygen concentration which reached to 0.21 mg l-1 min-1 after 3 weeks of operation. The highest reduction in COD and biological oxygen demand (BOD) concentration were 59% and 54% respectively . By increasing the chemichal oxygen demand (COD) loading by 70 %, removal rate of COD reduced by only 9%. Due to high COD concentration of wastewater effuluent, the nitrification process was limited. In order to nitrify the waste water, a longer hydraulic retention time(HRT) or higher recirculation is required. From the results and analysis it can seen be seen that proposed innovative method is applicable in many fields such as mountainous area, area with water stress ratio, water scarce area and ... which normally an application of conventional wastewater treatment either are costly or impractical.
And also with regard to publicized incentives for using waste water reclaimation as a source of water for agricultral irrigation, thus with more precision in desigin and operation, an effluent of these new configuration of PVC pipes can be used in agri-industry