Evaluate the Effects of Water Stress And Effective Microorganisms on Biochemical Properties of Almond Vegetative Rootstocks

In order to select new rootstocks for resistance to water stress and the identification of biochemical markers associated with this conditions the effect of water stress and Effective microorganism on the biochemical properties of almond rootstocks were investigated. Effects of two concentrations of EM (0 and 1%) and three irrigation levels {normal irrigation and irrigation after depletion of 33 and 66% of available soil water},and four rootstocks of Almond( natural hybrid of peach × almond (H1and H2), GF677 and Juvan cultivar were evaluated. This experiment was arranged as a factorial experiments based on a randomized complete blocks design with four replications. The measured traits were seedling survival, chlorophyll A, B and total,soluble sugars, starch, protein and proline content in leaves and roots. Analysis of variance showed that effect of rootstock and irrigation levels in all the studied traits were significant at the %1 level. The results showed that effect of Effective microorganisms on starch, protein and proline content in leaves and roots and chlorophyll A were significant 1% level and chlorophyll B was significantly different at 5% level. Consumption of Em, reduced proline and starch in the leaves and roots compared to control but protein was increased at 5% level. Chlorophyll content was different with type of chlorophyll and treatment. According to the results, the characteristics of proline, soluble sugars and proteins of leaves are suitable markers for evaluation of water stress in almond and the H1 rootstock (natural hybrid of peach × almond) was identified as resistant to drought.