A survey on Relationship Between Progesterone Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions: A Short Report

Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions (RSA) is defined as the repeated occurrence of 2 or more miscarriages before 20th week of gestation. RSA is a multifactorial disorder and genetic defects are considered as one of the major risk factors for recurrent miscarriage. It seems the progesterone receptor gene polymorphisms to be one of the genetic factors involved in the occurrence of recurrent miscarriage. The aim of this study was investigating the relationship between the progesterone receptor gene polymorphisms and RSA.
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 50 women with at least two repeated abortions as patients group and 50 women without abortion history and with at least two successful pregnancy as control group were screened for two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), G1031C and G1978T, in progesterone receptor gene using PCR-ARMS technique. Data was analyzed by chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
In SNP G1031C, the frequencies of GG, CC and GC alleles in the control group were 72%, 6% and 22%, respectively and in the patients were respectively 54%, 16% and 30% (P =0.008) in which the difference was statistically significant. In SNP G1978T, the frequencies of GG, TT and GT alleles in the controlgroup were 76%, 0% and 24%, respectively and in the patients were respectively 70%, 2% and 28% (P =0.510) in which the difference in two groups was not statistically significant.
The results of this study showed that the polymorphism G1031C is significantly higher in the patients with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) than in the control subjects. However the association between the polymorphism G1978T and RSA is not significant. Therefore, the same study in a larger population may suggest the G1031C as a diagnostic marker for susceptibility to recurrent miscarriage.