Studying the relationship between morality and judgment in classical Persian literature

Judges in the socio-political system play important role in the defense of the rights, dispute resolution, and protection of property especially people who are intellectually undeveloped and vindication of property acquiring Muslims’ property. As a result, people who want to reach this position should have certain conditions including moral virtues and stay away from vices. The aim of this paper is to investigate the moral characteristics of judges in classical Persian literature as one of foundations for reflecting these principles. Analyzing moral virtues of judges, criticizing them, and using issues related to judgment affairs in visualization for transferring moral and didactic concepts are subjects included in this study. Being religious and being learned, seeking justice staying away from operation, patience, and consulting are among characteristics of judges. Furthermore, the judges have been criticized in the Persian literature for vices like bribery, abusing the properties of orphans, pride and telling lies. Some poets in order to teach the moral, mystical and lovely thoughts have used judging system in their works.