Effects of Planting Date on Yield, Yield Components and Control of Yellow Rust and Fusarium in Wheat

The most important diseases of wheat are yellow rust and Fusarium wheat in the Moghan region. The study was conducted to determine the planting date on the yellow rust disease and Fusarium wheat on yield and yield components of wheat varieties. The experiment lay out as a split plot design in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) withing three replicate in Moghan livestock farming and industry. Planting date treatments includs October 22, November 6 and 21 were allocated to the whole plots. Four and two line of wheat varieties named Bogaru, Pishtaz, Nogal and Shiroudi, N-85-5 and N-80-19 were allocated in the subplot. The following paramiters inclduding grain yield, spike length, spikelet number, seed weight, number of grains per spike, plant height, tiller number, harvest index and coefficient of wheat yellow rust disease progression and disease index of Fusarium were recorded during the growing season. Results showed that different Date were significant on the number of fertile tillers, grain weight per spike, harvest index in the P≥5% and the total length of spike and grain weight per plant at P≥1%. The highest susceptibility to the fusarium diseases was observed on Bogaru variety at the October 22 with 41.66%. The highest susceptibility to fusarium diseases was observed on N-80-19 line at the November 6 with 19.82%. The highest yield was observed on Pishtaz cultivar at November 6. However Nogal can be as tolerant cultivars to yellow rust and Fusarium grown in the region. The best planting date to reduced disases of yellow rust and fusarium of wheat in Moghan were Nov.6 to 21.