The role of the environmental constraints on physical-spatial development of city and their effects on the surrounding villages (Case study: Javanroud city)

Human and physical constraintsof physical-spatial development of cities precede the rapid movement toward surrounding villages of urban areas that this issue is specifically tangible in mountainous urban and rural areas of the west and western-north parts of Iran. In this geographical region, Javanroud city in Kermanshah province is one of those which imposed great pressure on its surrounding villages to it. So, the purpose of present study is considering the type and amount of environmental constrainteffects of Javanroud city on its surrounding villages. This research is an applied research and research methodology is descriptive-analytic. In this study, environmental constrainteffects of city have been investigated on the villages that are located at the distance of 5 km from the study city. Statistical population is households in 6 villages surrounding the city and the number of 261 family heads as the sample size has been determined by Cochran formula. In order to gather information, laboratory-documentary and field studies (observation, questionnaire, and interview) are applied. After gathering necessary information, by presenting an overall and comprehensive picture about the changes and variations of rural lands’ applications, the analysis of present condition, comparison of these changes, growth ratings and rural development were done based on Topsis-Victor integrated model. Research results show that Sheikh-alkaram village according to the calculated values (R = 0.009, S = 0.025 and Q = 0) has almost no effect because of the unsuitable road and inappropriate position. While Safiabad village (with R = 0.917, S = 1.837 and Q = 1) has the greatest influence and other surrounding villages in the study area are placed in the intermediate level. In this regard, population and workforce of Javanroud city due to the reasons such as: short distance to city , low price of lands and housing to the city, ease of access and use of urban services are inhabited in surrounding villages that leads to metamorphism. In this way, villages, as urban part, are playing the role as dormitories for Javanrood city by losting their traditional nature