Phenomenological Look to the Sacred Landscape of Urban Design

In different religions, there are always things sacred that meet the most fundamental human needs, which is regarded as attention and strive to reach the absolute perfection and approximation and resorting to him. As a result, in today’s communities in which the need to a relaxed mentality and spirituality is felt more than before, urban sacred landscapes are created and defined as part of the cultural landscape, mixed with the manners, customs, and religion of urban communities according to the values and beliefs of that society. They have been able to fix the problems arising from the consequences of their nature through leading one to mare spirituality and promotingthe values and beliefs. Therefore, the human's attitudes and beliefs about their life and environment and also the value commitments and characteristics of individual and social life have a great influence on receiving good ideals. On the other hand, the design process, with a phenomenological approach to sacred landscapes has made it possible through seeing these landscapes to pay attention to landscapes regarding the notion of space, strengthening the sense of place, and identity giving ; thus, maintaining and promoting the religious and cultural values, reducing stress, and raising security and mental health in human societies. Phenomenology is the study of subjective experience. The discipline of phenomenology may be defined initially as the study of structures of experience or consciousness. Literally, phenomenology is the study of “phenomena”: appearances of things, things asthey appear in our experience or the ways we experience things; thus, the meanings things have in our experience. The central structure of an experience is its intentionality, the way it is directed through its content or meaning toward a certain object in the world. We all experience various types of experienceincluding perception, imagination, thought, emotion, desire, volition, and action. Hence, the domain of phenomenology is the range of experiences including these types. This study has set to introduce the required spaces for these phenomena through the phenomenology approach, introducing the phenomena and overlapping the cases identified in accordance with the needs and wishes of the users and pilgrims. In addition, the present study attempts to introduce this method as a forgotten way in the design. The results show that we can introduce and present the sacred landscape with the socalled approach in specified atmospheres such as spiritual (mystical), memorial, mass interactions, prayer, and pause, applying the mentioned method and determining the design indicators.